{"id":45751,"date":"2026-04-11T19:55:05","date_gmt":"2026-04-11T12:55:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transbordernews.in.th\/home\/?p=45751"},"modified":"2026-04-11T20:17:17","modified_gmt":"2026-04-11T13:17:17","slug":"toxic-crisis-in-mekong-along-chiang-rai-border-as-arsenic-in-sediment-found-up-to-10-times-above-safe-levels","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/transbordernews.in.th\/home\/?p=45751","title":{"rendered":"Toxic crisis in Mekong along Chiang Rai border as arsenic in sediment found up to 10 times above safe levels"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Thailand\u2019s Pollution Control Department (PCD) has detected alarmingly high levels of arsenic in riverbed sediment along the Mekong River in Chiang Rai, in some locations reaching nearly 10 times above safety standards, with similarly elevated contamination reported in the Kok, Sai and Ruak rivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

On April 10, the PCD, under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, released results from its latest water and sediment quality monitoring in Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai. The 10th round of sediment sampling, conducted from March 8\u201311, found arsenic levels in the Kok River exceeding safe thresholds for benthic organisms at six locations, and reaching severely hazardous levels at three sites \u2014 near the Thai-Myanmar border, the Mae Na Wang\u2013Tha Ton Friendship Bridge, and Chalerm Phrakiat Bridge in Chiang Rai \u2014 with concentrations ranging from 44 to 57 milligrams per kilogram, compared with a standard of below 33 mg\/kg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lead contamination exceeding safe levels was also detected at four sites in the Kok River, along with other heavy metals, including nickel, copper and chromium, surpassing standards in some areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the Sai River, arsenic exceeded safe levels for benthic life at all three monitoring points, while elevated levels of nickel, copper and chromium were also found. The Ruak River showed even more severe contamination, with arsenic exceeding hazardous thresholds at both monitoring sites, alongside excessive levels of chromium, nickel and copper in certain areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Mekong River recorded some of the most critical findings. Arsenic levels in sediment exceeded severely hazardous thresholds at three locations \u2014 the Golden Triangle, Chiang Saen district office area, and Ban Sob Kok \u2014 with concentrations ranging from 73 to as high as 296 mg\/kg. Chromium contamination was also detected above standards in some areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The PCD said overall arsenic levels in sediment were largely unsafe for benthic organisms, with some locations reaching dangerous levels, particularly in the upper Kok River and the Mekong. Dry-season conditions, including low water levels and reduced flow, may have contributed to increased sediment accumulation and higher concentrations of contaminants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Although heavy metal levels in aquatic animals remain within safe consumption limits, authorities warned that arsenic can accumulate in the food chain over time. The PCD advised the public to thoroughly cook food, avoid repeated consumption of the same aquatic species, reduce intake of bottom-dwelling animals such as shrimp and shellfish, and avoid consuming fish organs, where contaminants tend to accumulate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Niwat Roykaew, chairman of the Chiang Khong Conservation Group, said the findings confirm long-standing concerns over heavy metal contamination linked to mining activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWhat we have been saying all along is that mining-related contamination is a serious issue, with fluctuating but persistent levels of heavy metals in the river,\u201d he said. \u201cThe government must show clear political will, take concrete action, and raise awareness among communities. But so far, nothing meaningful has been done. People are still swimming in the river as usual.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He warned that the river must now be recognised as contaminated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThese toxins accumulate over time. You cannot claim it is safe just because levels are temporarily low. If we acknowledge that contamination is ongoing, then we must act \u2014 establish clear monitoring plans and tell people how to protect themselves,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mr Niwat called for coordinated action at both local and national levels, including public health awareness campaigns involving local hospitals, community networks and civil society. He also urged the government to engage with regional mechanisms such as the Mekong River Commission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He criticised what he described as the government\u2019s reluctance to act decisively, suggesting concerns over responsibility and political costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cOn one hand, the government promotes tourism and river activities, while on the other, it downplays contamination risks. This is contradictory. Why not clearly inform people living along the Mekong? Many still lack accurate information because the state is not serious about communicating the risks,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He added that addressing the root causes requires engagement with upstream sources, including authorities in Myanmar and armed groups controlling mining areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThis is a national security issue. Thailand must use all available mechanisms, including military channels if necessary, to address cross-border impacts. At the same time, diplomatic engagement at the regional level is lacking,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aweera Pakkamart, director of the Environmental and Pollution Control Office 1 in Chiang Mai, said he is deeply concerned about the high accumulation of arsenic in Mekong sediments. He noted that proposals have been made to expand monitoring points along the river, although budget constraints remain a challenge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cWe are discussing how to adjust or expand monitoring locations. Budget limitations are tight, but the situation in the Mekong is very worrying,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asst Prof Wan Wiriya of Chiang Mai University said the latest findings show exceptionally high arsenic levels in sediment, warning that contamination from mining activities appears to be moving closer to downstream communities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNormally, levels should not exceed 70 mg\/kg. These results suggest mining is taking place close to the Mekong and even within the river itself,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He also criticised the lack of public health response, noting that agencies such as the Department of Disease Control have yet to issue clear measures or advisories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDespite such high arsenic levels, public communication has been minimal. It is clear that the Kok, Sai and Mekong rivers are no longer suitable for any activities,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If the situation continues, he warned, the consequences for biodiversity and food chains could be severe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSediment is part of the food base. Once contaminated, toxins will accumulate and magnify through the food chain. Aquatic species may migrate, but they carry contamination with them. Without stronger monitoring and response, the impacts will only worsen,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ms Pianporn Deetes, executive director of Rivers and Rights, said satellite imagery has identified more than 800 mining sites in the Mekong basin, particularly in Myanmar\u2019s Shan State, including gold and rare earth operations. She said many rare earth mines use in-situ leaching techniques, allowing untreated chemicals to flow directly into waterways, with toxic sediment eventually reaching downstream sections of the Mekong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cThe discovery of heavy metal contamination at levels up to nine times above dangerous thresholds should trigger immediate regional action,\u201d she said. \u201cGovernments in the Mekong basin and importing countries must address this urgently before the damage becomes irreversible. The Mekong must not become a dumping ground for irresponsible mining.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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